Container and Politics
PSA- Port Singapore Authority- has in Singapore one of the busiest and
largest container terminals in the world. (And we will see, if Singapore
recaptures the title as largest container port in the world.)
The
success grounded on stable economic conditions, efficient container
handling and excellent connectivity to more of 600 other ports worldwide
(to be exact: 123 countries). Singapore was and is number one of the
container transshipment hub.
To see, how the container handling looks like in reality, we got the
chance to drive through the Pasir Panjang Terminal, one of the 5
Terminals, with a quay length of about 8 kilometres. PSA has about 16
kilometres of quay length today in Singapore and handles over 26 million
TEU. With new terminals under construction even during the economic
crisis, Singapore is looking forward to double his container capacity.
They will finished the necessary land reclamation for the new terminals
in 7 years.
Next part of our excursion was a visit of the EMAS Offshore Services Pte Ltd, which is actually a shipping company for offshore support vessels. But on top of a normal company they provide special training programs for anchor handling, dynamic positioning and engineers for their crew. Mr. Kalyan Chatterjea, the Academy Consultant, and his instructors gave us a very warm welcome and it was a pleasure to get some information about the operation of a vessel which is very rare for us as naval architects.
Highlight has been the visit of the simulator bridge of an offshore support vessel, made by Kongsberg, which allows the operator to drive fore and aft. Major aim of the academy is to test and improve the skills of their own crew and later on maybe they open up for other crew.
After a delicious lunch at the canteen of the NUS, the National
University of Singapore, we were introduced to Prof. Choo Yoo Sang. He
showed us the projects according to maritime tec hnology in a very kind
manner and explained every single question with a smile on his face. Key
research projects in collaboration with commercial companies and yards
in Singapore are the oil and gas production. The engineering faculty is
running partnerships with classification classes as well. They push on
special projects like floating container terminals or floating oil
reservoirs in dimensions of a quarter of a 1 km².
To complete
the visit at the NUS we got a quick view of the mechanical laboratories.
At any time we got the feeling that Prof. Choo Yoo Sang wants to
encourage us to spend a semester at his university – we will see, may
be.
The day started with sunshine, which was perfect to visit the botanic garden of Singapore, which was established over 150 years ago. It is a beautiful place to leave the noise and rush from the city behind and have a nice walk through the different local vegetations. The garden is divided into different themes like the so called “Evolution Garden”, “Rain Forrest” or of course the “Orchid Garden”. Due to our tight time-schedule, we unfortunately had to skip the famous “Orchid Garden”. More informations about the botanic garden can be found on the website www.sbg.org.sg.
After a welcome we got an introduction about the history and expansion
of Singapore. On a large model we had a good overview about the coming
up districts and land reclamation. It was interesting to get to know
that buildings are not allowed to become higher than 280m because of
security and aviation reasons.
After some nice pictures of
Singapore live and a presentation we had a lunch break and in the
meantime we got some impressions in URA’s Singapore City Gallery of the
heavy changes in the last 60 years.
On Sunday a visit on Maersk Essen, a 13.100 TEU Container vessel, was scheduled. In the morning we were informed that the arrival of the ship was rescheduled from 2 p.m. to 8 p.m. So a few of us relaxed at the pool, others visited the fascinating "Marina Bay Sands"-Hotel. It was an amazing view of the city, the new reclaimed land with its big construction sites and of the ships waiting for passing the street of Malacca.
At 8 pm a bus fetched us. After entering the Safety-Area of the PSA, our bus brough us to the biggest ship in harbour: The "Maersk Essen". The long gangway up to the maindeck let us imagine which dimensions were waiting for us. We were divided into two groups for the tour through the ship. Passing thousands of containers, we went down to the main engine situated aft. In estimated 50°C, the crew showed us everything and answered questions professionally. What surprised us most, was the enormous free space everywhere: The bridge, the accomodation rooms, the crew relaxing rooms. Thus the crew was very satisfied with their ship, because they can work in very good circumstances. At midnight we left the vessel and returned to our hostel.
It was a great time on the "Maersk Essen" and we have to say a special thank to the crew and all other involved persons, which organized this big event.
This day started very early at about half-past five and the bus driver picked us up at quarter-past six. We were brought to the port, where a ferry to Batam (Indonesia) waited. Our first appointment was at the “Marco Polo Shipyard” and after a lunch we visited the “MCDERMOTT Yard”. Not knowing, what we have to expect, we were a little bit shocked and surprised. On the way from the port of Batam to “Marco Polo” we passed some “towns” with poor humans living in houses made of planks and corrugated iron. At the end of this trail, we founded the shipyard “Marco Polo”. Marco Polo is a new yard finished in 2008 and builds, with 300 employee and 1000 workers from subcontractors, new ships or does repairings. The business of new build ships generally consists out of accommodation barges and sometimes supply vessels. Everything is done in the two docks with a length up to 175m or in the field next to them. Sometimes, the hole new build ships, don’t care if barge or vessel, is completed on the field. After finishing, the ship is lifted with long balloons and rolls on it into the water.
The efficiency of the yard is not as good as we saw on other yard. Marco Polo has no panel street. The panels are welded by hand and open air on the none flat sandy ground. This decreases the workload and quality but also the costs. The cost advantage compared to Singapore is round about 20% to 30% for repairings and 10% to 15% for new build ships.
After having a lunch in a well prepared and nice restaurant, we had a
meeting at “MACDERMOTT”. The whole company with 14400 employee has six
engineering offices and seven yards worldwide. The yard of Batam had
been finished 1970 and has 5983 workers now. Their business consists out
of offshore decks, jackets, accommodation and heavy lift barges. The
whole yard is very efficient equipped with big machines. For example,
they can role their own tubes up to a plate thickness of 120mm. Actually
the biggest project is a jacket with a mass of 23000t for a water
depth up to 130m.
Additional to modern production, safety and social commitment is a big
point of Macdermott. For example, they build accommodations for
orphans, schools and helps to bring in the waist separation. One
highlight was the way bag to the ferry. We started at finishing time
together with round about 1000 scooters and 3000 people sitting on them.
The two trail street was added with two new trails and the safety
distance decreases down to half a meter.
This day provided an insight into another world just some kilometers
away from Singapore and let us know how two completely different yards
are able to exist in the same business and area.
With three more companies to visit, we had another busy day in
Singapore! We started at the Singaporean office of Wärtsilä. At first we
got a brief introduction into the history of Wärtsilä which has been
founded in 1834 and is nowadays a leading supplier of ship power
solutions. The Singaporean office has currently approximately 750
employees. The core business of the Singaporean office is the Service,
whereas the other fields Ship Power and Power Plants make together less
than 7 % of their net sales. Also interesting to see was the percentage
of employees in comparison to the net sales. In Europe 56 % of all the
employees are stationed and 28 % of the net sales is being acquired,
whereas the Asian market has 31 % of employees but 39 % of the net sales
is being produced. This highlights once again the importance of the
Asian market regarding the sales, but also the still strong engineering
work which is being done in Europe.
Afterwards we got another small
presentation about the services which are being done in Singapore. Once
we were done with the presentation, we had the chance to see the
workshop. There, all the work on the liners, pistons, valves etc. are
carried out. After the visit of the Maersk Essen with its impressive
12RT-flex 96C, it was interesting to see the dimensions of the inner
parts of such an engine.
Next we needed to hurry to be in time at Berg Propulsion. At first we got a presentation of the company’s history and their current products which are controllable pitch propellers (CPP), fixed pitch propellers, thrusters, azimuth thrusters, hydraulic systems, as well as the recently introduced control systems. Berg Propulsion has the largest market share of midsize CPP’s, which range from 1.5m – 8m, respectively from 300kW – 20,000kW. Once again we got the chance to have a look into the workshop, where we found impressive state-of-art machineries to produce their products. The facility in Singapore is not carrying out the casting but more the finishing of the individual products. After a short lunch break which was held nearby, we came back to Berg Propulsion to see their small simulator, were their latest control systems are usually shown to customers. This control system is being connected with a little game, were a double-end ferry has to be maneuvered through a harbor. All of us had a lot of and one of us even made the second place in the all-time high score.
Last but not least we went to see the Singaporean office of Rolls Royce.
After two introductorily movies and a quick presentation of the overall
products and services Rolls Royce is doing we held a short Q & A
about the different locations, company structure, etc. of which Rolls
Royce consists. It was interesting to see the progressive development of
the company within the marine market. Afterwards we were shown the
workshop. Unfortunately for us, most of the products were being shipped
out of the workshop the day before. Nevertheless we got a good
impression of the facility and specially their extensive quality
management which is being carried out.
Once again we had a good insight into three suppliers, their products as well as their workshops.
This day began with a visit at NTU (Nanyang Technological University). Actually this University does not offer studies in ship design in a classical manner but is involved in several research projects related to marine engineering. We visited different so-called schools, which are situated within the college of engineering, being one of four colleges at the university.
Founded as recently as last year, but already employing more than 200 researchers and accessing funds of about 100m Euro the „ERIAN“ (Energy Research Institute) is focusing on the nascent clean energy of wind and marine renewables, energy storage, green and smart buildings and fuel cells. Under the head of this institute the „Centre for Maritime Research“ (CMER) is working together with DNV on ocean renewable energy research as well as in greener shipping issues. In terms of „Green Ships“ NTU and DNV try to find alternative fuels, do research in electric propulsion and work on carbon capture procedures. Next to nuclear power, fuel cells and biofuels gained from palm oil do in their opinion constitute a suitable solution for the upcoming environmental problems arising from the usage of heavy fuel oil.
The school for mechanical and aerospace engineering has more than 3000 undergrads and about 350 PhD students and is doing some research on hull optimization as well as on hull-propulsor interactions. In the school of civil and environmental engineering we saw the laboratory for simulating earthquakes with the target to analyze concrete structures and to find ways for making buildings stronger and safer.
Our last but one day in Singapore started with visiting the German Centre in Singapore. We were invited to Becker Marine Systems Asia.
Mr. Dirk Lehmann gave us a very interesting and thorough presentation about his company and a new division in Asia, in Singapore. We really enjoyed having the opportunity to hear the description of some technical details and were glad to understand them all. We were also told the secret of the company’s success and future perspectives of other shipbuilding companies.
In contrast to others, Mr. Lehmann told us also about problems, which his company faced at the very beginning of its activities in Singapore. By other companies we didn’t hear about any problems at all. Since Mr. Lehmann did not have enough time to answer all our questions, he invited us later on to a German beer restaurant in our last evening in the city. Of course we were pleased to take the proposal to spend the rest of the evening with him.
In conclusion, we discussed within our group in short all visited companies and what we learned from it. The discussion took few hours, so that each had a possibility to say a couple of words about each company. We summarized all opinions and impressions and this information will be presented as an article in the future.
The afternoon was used as last but one chance for Sightseeing and at 7pm we started our last evening with Mr. Lehmann, knuckles, schnitzel and white beer. He told us a lot of impressing and interesting things about his business until we have been the last group in the restaurant. For this invitation and great evening we would like to say a big thank you to Mr. Lehmann. After all we celebrated into Timo’s birthday and got some impressions of Singapore's nightlife.
Our last Day in Singapore started easy going. We packed our bags and set
out for the city a last time. Some of us used the last chance for
visiting the observation deck of the "Marina Bay Sands"-hotel, others
bought a few gifts for their families and friends at home. At 20 o'clock
our bus driver Ricky, who gave us a safely transfer through Singpore
the last 14 days, picked us for the transfer to the airport. Kindly, 4
singaporean students from NUS we met at the STG-evening waited at the
airport for saying us goodbye.
After a quiet flight and stopover in London, we landed on Sunday morning
in Hamburg at 10.15 clock local time. Except for one student who wanted
to visit Malaysia three weeks, everyone is back safely. With a polo
shirt on which we had printed a group photo, we thanked our companion
Iwer Asmussen for travelling with us. He hadn't just travelled with us,
with him we experienced the 14 days fully of interesting company visits
and different impressions from an overwhelming city. Singapore was a
unique opportunity for us getting "the whole overview".
Once again, we want to say thank you, especially to Iwer and Dirk
Lehmann from Becker Marine Systems, and all who supported us and made
this excellent journey possible.